亞洲自學科技品牌Snapask邀請擁有豐富教學經驗、熟稔大考題型的Rose老師,分享經驗。她指出,分析歷屆學生寫作範文後發現,英文指考多為論說文體,考驗的是學生是否具有自主獨立思考、闡述自身論點並舉例論證的實力。
在最後倒數時刻,不建議考生背太多艱澀單字與片語,而是在既有基礎上精進寫作技巧。
舉例來說,應該增加個人觀點並舉例論證,而非只是純粹空泛的說明或描述現象本身。
破解論說文:先架構、再舉例、最後重申立場
想要拿下高分,就必須把握以下三步驟:
步驟一:
清楚表達出自己對於題目要求論述的現象或觀點,務必在第一段最後開門見山點出自己的立場。
步驟二:
舉出至少兩個強而有力的例子來驗證自己想法,提高論述內容的說服力。
步驟三:
在結尾論述時,再次強調自己的立場與論點,達到前後呼應的效果,切忌提出新的論述。
【範例】Rose老師以今年「疫情下的遠距學習」熱門議題為例,在文章的開頭可以先提出疫情之所以讓遠距學習變得重要的原因,例如:
The outbreak of coronavirus has drawn international attention as the virus spreads from country to country. Moreover, it has caused a significant effect on how people learn because of coronavirus restrictions released by the governments, which limit the number of people in a gathering.
接著可以再提出自己對於遠距學習的看法為何,例如:
From my perspective, distance learning can not only bring convenience to students but also keep students and teachers safe.
表明完自己的看法之後,需要舉出實際的例子來論證、充實自身論點的可信度,例如:
Take myself as an example, I don’t need to commute between my school and home or bring lots of books with me, which is time-saving and effortless for me. Additionally, I can just stay at home, listening to the lectures without going out, which decreases the amount of time that I have to interact with others and lowers the possibility of contracting the virus.
至於結論部分,一定要記得統整自己的重點想法,替整篇作文做一個完整、前後呼應的結尾,舉例來說,可以說明雖然疫情帶來了許多不方便,但也讓我們有了一個新的學習方法(遠距學習),而遠距學習又帶給了我們許多好處,例如:
While the coronavirus brings lots of inconvenience to us, it still gives us a chance to have a new way of learning, which is distant-learning. Overall, this novel way of education enables us to save time on commuting from place to place and prevents us from being exposed to an environment full of viruses.
三技巧讓文章程度高人一等
在了解基本的論說文架構後,學生至少能拿下基本分,但若想要剩下的衝刺時間內,快速加強自己的寫作能力,提升考試時的反應,務必在剩下的時間內透過歷屆試題、模考題目練習,掌握三大實戰技巧。
技巧一:先想好架構再下筆
學生撰寫文章前可以先草擬作文架構與案例,避免文章中出現前後矛盾、內文鬆散不聚焦的問題。
技巧二:活用不同詞彙和句型
在篇幅有限的作文中,學生應避免使用重複的詞彙,可以在考試開始後,先翻到最後一頁了解作文的題目,在寫題時就能先挑選出想要使用的單字與片語。另外,句型也可以多使用倒裝句、分詞構句、假設語氣。如以前面疫情作文中用到的句子為例,distance learning can not only remain the learning process for students but also keep students and teachers safe 可以利用倒裝作法改成 not only can distance learning remain the learning process for students, but it can also keep students and teachers safe,如此一來便能增加文章的變化。
技巧三:善用轉折語和名言佳句
轉折語在作文中扮演不可或缺的角色,讓句子之間環環相扣。引用名言佳句不僅能讓論點更有說服力,更能提升作文的高度。舉例而言,考生可以這麼寫:As the saying goes, “In the face of adversity, we have a choice. We can be bitter, or we can be better.”◇